Horizontal transmission is the term used to describe the direct or indirect transmission of a pathogen through a population.
In contrast to vertical transmission, which happens from parent to offspring, horizontal transmission is a type of disease transfer that happens between people within a community. Via close touch, such as through respiratory droplets, body fluids, or skin-to-skin contact, the virus can be transferred horizontally from one person to another. Fomites, which are items or substances that may contain infectious diseases, such as doorknobs, toys, or sharing utensils, are another indirect method of transmission. Horizontal transmission can happen in a variety of places, such as healthcare facilities, schools, and community settings, and if the virus spreads quickly through the population, it may cause infectious disease outbreaks.
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3419059779 ppppppp1234
Answer:uh- Thank u for the free points kind sir or ma'ma also can u plz give me Brainlist have an good day! <3
Explanation:
Explain why chlorophyll appears green to us in terms of what happens to different wavelengths of light
that strike a chlorophyll molecule.
Explanation:
the green wave lengths are reflected rather than absorbed since violet wave lengths have the most energy they can provide maximum energy for photosynthesis
What is detritivores
Answer:
An animal which feeds on dead organic material, especially plant detritus.
Explanation:
Detritivores, are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus. There are many kinds of invertebrates, vertebrates and plants that carry out coprophagy. By doing so, all these detritivores contribute to decomposition and the nutrient cycles.
How can biological weathering result in chemical erosion? A.Roots loosen soil and break rock B.plants transpire water vapor C. Large herds trample rocks and break up soil D.bacteria release acids and other agents that break down rock
Answer:
C
Explanation:
It contributes to the breaking down of rocks and landforms
Bursting of which of the following would most likely kill a cell?
Answer:
Lysosome
Explanation:
Answer:
Nucleolus
Explanation:
My mom is a nurse and she said "I pretty sure it's that"
3. The principle of uniformitarianism is a key concept that allows geologists to study Earth's past.
A. What is the principle of uniformitarianism? (5 points)
B. How does this principle make it easier for geologists to understand Earth's past? (5 points)
Answer:
A. What is the principle of uniformitarianism?
Uniformitarianism would therefore be a theory of the Earth characterized by the uniformity of physical laws, processes and the rhythm with which they have acted in nature (gradualism).
B. How does this principle make it easier for geologists to understand Earth's past?
In geology, uniformitarianism has included the gradualist concept that "the present is the key to the past" and that geological events occur at the same rate as they always have, although many modern geologists no longer hold to strict gradualism.
Explanation:
I hope I helped you! :)
Scientists dedicated to understanding memory have made it possible for us to know a lot about memory.
A. True
B. False
20 characters is all you need brainly so here you go.
does the efficiency of a cell depends on its complexcity
Answer:
No, the efficiency of a cell does not always depend on its complexity
Explanation:
hope it helps
Imagine you are a scientist conducting fieldwork.
-You discover two groups of mice,
living on opposite sides of a river. Upon further study, you determine that they are
different, but very closely related, species. You also determine that the course of the
river was artificially changed by the building of a dam. What was the likely effect of
human activity on the mice? What type of speciation is likely to have occurred?
The likely effect of human activity on the mice is that their habitat was divided by the artificially changed course of the river, and this process is known as allopatric speciation and is present in Option A.
What is allopatric speciation?Allopatric speciation is a type of speciation where the physical separation and lack of gene flow could lead to the evolution of two separate and distinct species, and here the construction of the dam likely led to the formation of a geographic barrier, which would have limited the movement of the mice between the two sides of the river and induced the speciation.
Hence, this process is known as allopatric speciation and is present in Option A.
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question is incomplete, complete question is below
Imagine you are a scientist conducting fieldwork.
-You discover two groups of mice,
living on opposite sides of a river. Upon further study, you determine that they are
different, but very closely related, species. You also determine that the course of the
river was artificially changed by the building of a dam. What was the likely effect of
human activity on the mice? What type of speciation is likely to have occurred?
A)allopatric speciation
B)SYMPATRIC
True or false statement ? The atmosphere of Venus is dense and mostly made of carbon dioxide?
Answer:
True. The atmosphere of Venus is the layer of gases surrounding Venus. It is composed primarily of carbon dioxide and is much denser and hotter than that of Earth. The temperature at the surface is 740 K (467 °C, 872 °F), and the pressure is 93 bar (1,350 psi), roughly the pressure found 900 m (3,000 ft) underwater on Earth.
Explanation:
Life as we know it could not exist without chemical reactions. For example, water is created by a chemical reaction between two highly volatile elements: oxygen and hydrogen.
H20 Image
Oxygen = a highly reactive gas with a boiling point of minus 297.3 degrees
Hydrogen = odorless, colorless, and tasteless (so it's undetectable to human senses) but highly flammable and used in jet fuel
Directions:
Identify another chemical reaction that is important to your daily life. (Hint: THIS SITE is a good resource.)
Another important chemical reaction in daily life is the process of cellular respiration, where glucose (a sugar) reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
Cellular respiration is the chemical reaction that occurs within cells to convert glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This reaction provides the energy necessary for various cellular activities, including growth, repair, and movement.
Cellular respiration consists of several interconnected reactions, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle), and the electron transport chain.
These reactions take place in the mitochondria of cells and involve the breakdown of glucose molecules into smaller components, ultimately releasing energy.
Without cellular respiration, organisms would not be able to generate the energy needed to survive and carry out essential functions. This process is fundamental to all living organisms, from microorganisms to complex multicellular organisms like humans.
Understanding cellular respiration and its underlying chemical reactions has significant implications in fields such as medicine, biochemistry, and physiology.
Overall, chemical reactions like cellular respiration play a crucial role in sustaining life by providing the necessary energy and molecules for various biological processes.
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As you are walking home from studying at the library late one evening, you get startled by a strange sound behind you. This activates your sympathetic nervous system. What affect does this change have on stroke volume
Answer:
It has a positive change in stroke volume.
Explanation:
The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart during each systolic cardiac contraction is referred to as stroke volume. During systolic contraction, the heart pumps blood into circulation.
Sympathetic nerves also innervate or stimulate the middle muscular layer of the heart wall. Therefore, an increase of activity in the sympathetic nervous system will trigger an increase in the force of contraction of the heart and, therefore, increase stroke volume. An increase in stroke volume also translates to the pressure of blood being pumped through the arteries.
Cheers
Jessica Mitford's, "The American Way of Death," published in
1963, played a critical role in changes in the funeral industry.
O True
O False
Is it true?
Answer:
true
Explanation:
How do thermouses know whether or not to keep food hot or cold?
Answer:
A thermos keeps cold things cold in the same way. It doesn't contain some kind of cooling device. The same vacuum that keeps hot things hot keeps cold things cold. Heat that might otherwise transfer to the cold contents of the thermos is prevented from reaching it because of the vacuum between the thermos walls.
Today's thermoses are constructed much more sturdily than those in the past. The first thermoses featured metal exteriors with glass interior walls. These thermoses often ended up getting broken when accidentally dropped.
When body temp increases it causes
metabolic reactions to increase, which
releases heat that further increases body
temp. This is an example of
a. Homeostasis
b. Positive feedback
c. Negative feedback
d. All of the above
When body temp increases it causes metabolic reactions to increase, which releases heat that further increases body temp. This is an example of positive feedback.
Positive feedback is a process in which a change in a system leads to an amplified or increased response in the same direction as the initial change, rather than stabilizing the system as negative feedback does. In positive feedback, the output enhances or reinforces the original stimulus, leading to a cascading effect of the process, which can be beneficial or detrimental to the system depending on the context.
Positive feedback loops can be found in various biological processes, such as blood clotting, childbirth, and action potentials in neurons, and can also be observed in non-biological systems, such as climate change and population growth.
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The oxygen cycle is closely related to which other cycle?
A. The carbon cycle
B. The nitrogen cycle
C. The phosphorus cycle
Answer:
A
Explanation:
that what i think
i don't know if I'm right
What are the average movement of Gill per minute
The movement of gills per minute, also known as gill ventilation, is a measure of the rate at which an aquatic organism exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide through its gills. The rate of gill ventilation can vary depending on a number of factors, including water temperature, oxygen concentration, and the size and activity level of the organism.
What is gills per minute?Averaged over a sample of fish, gill ventilation can range from a few tens of times per minute in smaller or less active fish to several hundred times per minute in larger or more active fish. However, it is not possible to provide an average gill movement per minute without specific information about the species of fish and the conditions under which the measurement was taken.
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Fern plants can reproduce asexually using two processes: One way is by growing an offspring from its roots. Another way is by releasing reproductive
cells into the air that will later grow into new plants. Which terms define these two processes? (1 point)
O vegetative reproduction and spores
fragmentation and vegetative reproduction
spores and budding
O budding and agamogenesis
The process whereby Fern plants reproduce asexually using two by growing an offspring from its roots or by releasing reproductive
cells into the air that will later grow into new plants are vegetative reproduction and spores; option A.
What is asexual reproduction?Asexual reproduction is a form of reproduction in which only one parent is involved in the production of offspring.
Asexual reproduction does not require the fusion of the male and female gametes to form an embryo which then develops into a mature offspring.
Hence, asexual reproduction is the most dominant form of reproduction in living organisms as it requires less energy or time for the production of offspring.
Some forms of asexual reproduction are:
vegetative reproduction - the offspring is produced from a part of the parent as an offshootSpore formation - reproductive cells are produced which are then dispersed and grow during favorable times.Learn more about asexual reproduction at: https://brainly.com/question/12176249
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Answer:
a :)
Explanation:
Select the correct answer.
How does the high specific heat of water help maintain the temperature of earth?
A By heating and cooling more slowly than land or air
B. By heating and cooling faster than land or air
с.
By heating faster but cooling more slowly than land or air
The high specific heat of water help maintain the temperature of the Earth by heating and cooling more slowly than land or air. Thus, the correct option is A.
What is the specific heat of water?The specific heat of an object is the amount of heat which is required to increase or raise the temperature of unit mass of that particular substance through one degree celsius. Specific heat is represented by the symbol 'c'. Its unit in SI system is Joule /(kg °C) and in CGS is cal / (gm °C).
The high specific heat of water helps in regulating the rate at which air changes its temperature, which is why the temperature of the planet change between different seasons is gradual rather than sudden, especially the geographical locations near the ocean.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
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Which of the following groups could be classified as an ecosystem?
A)The total of all plants and algae populations in a pond
B)The biotic and abiotic factors interacting in a pond
C)The fungi, bacteria, and animals in a pond
D)The light, temperature, and minerals in a pond
Answer:
The fungi, bacteria, and animals in a pond
Explanation:
Hope this helps :)
Answer:
C) the fungi, bacteria, and animals in a pond
Explanation: Ecosystem: a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment:
Rodenticides often interfere with which vitamin in the body?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
Answer:
Vitamin K
Explanation:
Anticoagulant rodenticides work by interfering with the production of clotting factors (Vitamin K)
If you obtained your daily vitamin A from beta-carotene, how much beta-carotene would you need to consume to meet the RDA of 700 ug RAE?
The recommended daily intake for adults and adolescents is between six and fifteen milligrammes (mg), or 10,000 and 25,000 units of vitamin A activity, of beta-carotene.
What quantity of beta-carotene is required to make one of A rae?According to research, the body can convert 2 micrograms (g) of -carotene found in supplement oil into 1 g of retinol, giving it a 2:1 RAE ratio. However, the body needs 12 g of food-based -carotene to produce 1 g of retinol, providing dietary -carotene a 12:1 RAE ratio.
How much beta-carotene do you take in a day?The recommended daily intake for adults and adolescents is from six to fifteen milligrammes (mg), or 10,000 and 25,000 units of vitamin A activity, of beta-carotene. Beta-carotene intake for children should range from 3 to 6 mg per day (5,000–10,000 USU for vitamin A activity).
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The green trait (which was hidden by the yellow trait) is considered
Dominant
Sneaky
Alternative
Recessive
Answer:
Recessive
Explanation:
I took the test and I got it right.
Answer: Recessive
Explanation: Dominant is yellow
Recessive is green
The step of the scientific method where an if/then statement is developed is referred to asQuestion options:formulating a hypothesis.identifying variables.making observations.stating a problem.
Remember that the hypothesis is a statement that can be proven true or false. This is done through experimentation, data collection, and analysis of these data or results, then the statement to be tested (the hypothesis) may or may not be refuted.
We can conclude that the correct answer is:
Answer:formulating a hypothesis.
A postsynaptic neuron has an RMP of -70mV and a typical threshold of -55mV. It has three presynaptic inputs-from neurons X, Y, and Z. Stimulation of
neuron X causes the postsynaptic neuron to depolarize by 0.5 mV. When X and Y are stimulated simultaneously, the postsynaptic neuron depolarizes by
1 mV, If X fires 10 times and Y fires 10 times the result will be …
Multiple Choice
a subthreshold summation.
presynaptic inhibition.
threshold is reached and an AP is fired.
many APs are fired.
the membrane depolarizes.
When X fires 10 times and Y fires 10 times, the result will be a subthreshold summation.
Subthreshold summation happens when two or more presynaptic inputs that are sub-threshold (i.e., they cannot create an action potential) combine their effects on the postsynaptic neuron.
Here, the postsynaptic neuron has an RMP of -70mV and a typical threshold of -55mV. When neuron X is stimulated, it depolarizes by 0.5 mV.
When X and Y are stimulated simultaneously, the postsynaptic neuron depolarizes by 1 mV, which is sub-threshold (below -55mV).
Therefore, when X fires 10 times and Y fires 10 times, the postsynaptic neuron will experience subthreshold summation and no action potential will be fired.
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Please help this is due today and I got stuck
Based on the bands of the gel electrophoresis;
Suspect C can be excused because he has only 4 out of 6 matches to sample B.Suspect D can be excused because he has only 4 out of 6 matches to sample B.Suspect E should be included because he has only 5 out of 6 matches to sample B.Suspect F should be included because he has only 5 out of 6 matches to sample B.What is gel electrophoresis?Gel electrophoresis is a molecular biology technique used to separate macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins.
Based on their size and charge, DNA fragments (or other macromolecules, such as RNA and proteins) are separated using the gel electrophoresis process.
In a technique, when a sample has similar bads to a control, the sample is usually identified as similar to the control.
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Which statement about the members of a population that live long enough to reproduce is consistent with natural selection?
A.They transmit characteristics aquired by use and disuse to their offspring
B.They tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the population
C.They are the ones that are best adapted to survive in their environment
D.They will perpetuate unfavorable changes in the species.
Answer:
It's option B
Explanation:
Organisms which can't survive harsh times and have a small lifespan make huge amount of offsprings like ants. While long living animals make fewer offsprings like humans, whales, tortoises.
Most articles pass right through the atom, this means that most of the atom is
Most articles pass right through the atom, this means that most of the atom is an empty space.
What is an atom?An atom is described as a particle that consists of a nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of electrons.
Protons and neutrons make up the core nucleus of an atom, which is encircled by an electron cloud. In relation to the size of the atom as a whole, the nucleus is exceedingly small.
As a result, the electrons surrounding the nucleus are the primary target of interactions when particles or even light pass through an atom. The majority of the atom's remaining space, which includes the nucleus, is vacant.
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In plant and animal adaptations, form follows function. True or false?
Answer:
FALSE
Explanation:
In plant and animal adaptations, form follows function. it is true because all forms of organisms give adaptive advantages.
AdaptationLiving beings tend to have adaptations according to the environment in which they live. Plants in hot and dry climates generally have their leaves reduced, or even modified into thorns, as a way of reducing the contact surface and thus avoiding transpiration.
Whit this information, we can conclude that in plant and animal adaptations, form follows function. it is true because all forms of organisms give adaptive advantages.
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